Evidence Retrieval: From Original Sources to Ranked Answers

An archive holds the originals, a database holds the records, and a search index ranks matches back to them.

RI.EP.002·Maintained reference·Revised 2026-08-06

Finding evidence in Academica moves through three clear stages. Original files are kept in an archive. A searchable database holds the clean fields and full text. A separate search index ranks results and returns pointers back to those records.

original sourceclean recorddatabasesearch indexfull text

Each stage has one job

original releases and feeds → read and clean → records in the database → search index → ranked matches → full text from the database
StageOwnsDoes not own
Original sourceThe unchanged fileClean, queryable fields
CleaningReading and tidying recordsDeciding what ranks first
DatabaseFields, full text, and analysisRanking free-text search
Search indexRanking and keyword scoringThe full, authoritative text

Rank first, then fetch the full text

free-text query → search index ranks the top matches → their identifiers → full records from the database → evidence

Keep what matters, drop the rest before indexing

  • Keep stable identifiers, text, entities, dates, and a few useful filters.
  • Standardize publication dates before storing them.
  • Keep time-based analysis in the database.
  • Rebuild the search index after the records change shape.

Every source reduces to a few useful fields

FieldExamplesPurpose
IdentityArticle ID, event ID, filing numberJoining records and removing duplicates
TitleArticle, event, filing, or notice titleDisplay and keyword ranking
TextAbstract, narrative, description, filing bodyThe evidence itself
EntityDrug, device, sponsor, companyFiltering and linking
DateThe real publication or event dateTime filtering and analysis
Extra fieldsA few source-specific factsPreserve essential structured detail

Most sources already carry their own text

SourceMain textFields keptCleaning
PubMedAbstractabout 7Light
MAUDE device reportsReport narrativeabout 10Heavy
FAERS adverse eventsPatient narrativeabout 8Heavy
ClinicalTrialsDetailed descriptionabout 12Heavy
DailyMed labelsIndications and warningsabout 12Heavy
Device registryDevice descriptionabout 10Heavy
RedditPost bodyabout 7Light